Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) are an important high-value commodity for producers in the Punjab Region. Intensive fertilizer management is necessary in loamy soils to ensure proper nutrient supplies to growing crops. Such soils generally have overall low organic matter, low cation exchange capacities, and low total nitrogen (N) in the upper horizon, which means that little N is mineralized from soil organic N sources and N must be applied with fertilizer to match crop uptake needs. Generally, only 1 to 3% of total organic N concentrations in the soil become available to a crop within the growing season. Nitrogen management is one of the most important aspects for potato production. Tuber deformity and secondary growth are historically correlated with moisture; however, other environmental factors that initiate and decrease growth, such as N fertility, may also be a cause.
Nitrogen application timing is one of the most important management techniques that producers can use to increase their fertilizer N use efficiency. Fertilizer should be split between at planting, at dragoff (approximately 30 days after planting when potato plants are beginning to emerge, are bedded during cultivation, and the bed height is reduced), and immediately prior to bloom. Split N applications are recommended to increase overall yield and fertilizer use efficiency. However, N applications too late in the growing season can significantly delay maturity and decrease tuber quality. Nutrient availability is not only important for overall yield in potato production, but is also important for disease management. Fertilizer applications can significantly impact both foliar and tuber disease. Growth regulators have been researched for decades to help producers manage tuber sugar content, maturity, and sprouting after harvest and during storage. However, results are mixed depending on the factors studied. In conclusion, N rate has the greatest impacts on deformity, tuber rots, and yields for potatoes.
Gibberellic acid (GA) is applied to potato tubers cultivated from true seed (TPS) either by immersion of intact tubers in aqueous solutions, or by the excision of a small area of the tuber close to the point of detachment from the stolon and immersion of this region only in GA. Corresponding treatments with deionised water were used as controls. Tubers that had been treated with GA broke dormancy earlier than the controls, especially when the tubers were cut prior to treatment. Dormancy breakage correlated with higher weight loss and an increase in the rate of respiration of tubers following sprout emergence. The optimum time of immersion in GA to achieve dormancy breakage was 2 h, irrespective of GA concentration over the range tested (1–50 mg L−1). The bisection of tubers at various times after GA application to the point of detachment from the stolon indicated that GA movement longitudinally within the tuber was necessary for it to have an effect on sprouting. GA did not affect the rate of ethylene production by the tubers, but increased starch breakdown and α-glucosidase activity in the bud, as well as the RNA content, especially at the sprout apex, prior to sprouting.
Gibberellic acid (GA) is applied to potato tubers cultivated from true seed (TPS) either by immersion of intact tubers in aqueous solutions, or by the excision of a small area of the tuber close to the point of detachment from the stolon and immersion of this region only in GA. Corresponding treatments with deionised water were used as controls. Tubers that had been treated with GA broke dormancy earlier than the controls, especially when the tubers were cut prior to treatment. Dormancy breakage correlated with higher weight loss and an increase in the rate of respiration of tubers following sprout emergence. The optimum time of immersion in GA to achieve dormancy breakage was 2 h, irrespective of GA concentration over the range tested (1–50 mg L−1). The bisection of tubers at various times after GA application to the point of detachment from the stolon indicated that GA movement longitudinally within the tuber was necessary for it to have an effect on sprouting. GA did not affect the rate of ethylene production by the tubers, but increased starch breakdown and α-glucosidase activity in the bud, as well as the RNA content, especially at the sprout apex, prior to sprouting.
Sumitomo Chemical recommends the use of Progibb for the same !
#These blogs were written as a part of the internship program at Sumitomo Chemicals.
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